• The cooling tower system is widely used in a variety of industries, including industrial, commercial, and HVAC. The system removes heat from equipment, hot process material, and other sources in an industrial setting.
• A regular heat transfer rate is required for the efficient functioning of industrial processes and machinery since they create such enormous volumes of heat. The heat must be released into the environment. A heat exchange technique is used to accomplish this. The cooling tower technique is built on this foundation.
• Specifically, industrial cooling towers are common in food processing plants, petroleum refineries, natural gas plants, and petrochemical plants.
• Food processing companies, petroleum refineries, natural gas plants, and petrochemical plants are all frequent cooling tower application.
• Cooling towers are classified into three categories based on how water or air passes through them. Cross-flow, counter-flow, and hyperbolic are examples of these kinds. Containing draught and passive draught cooling towers are two types of cooling towers that are classified simply by airflow.

According to the requirements of the industries, cooling towers are adjusted. Various types of cooling towers are available at towertech which gives the best cooling efficiency. Different types of cooling towers are explained below:

Crossflow Cooling Tower

• In cross-flow type, the flow of hot water is in the opposite direction to the air. It has an FRP transmission basin with a target nozzle which is positioned at the top of the tower.
• Water is evenly distributed across the fill medium by gravity, and water is permitted to flow vertically down the honeycomb fills.
• The horizontal placement of the fan, which is directly connected to the motor, draws air over the fill medium. The heating from the excess water is removed by evaporating a little amount of water. Wet and warm air is pulled to the laterally positioned fan/motor and released to the environment through the vented deck.
• The cooling tower collecting basin collects the leftover cold water, which is then reused by the industries for their application.
• Middle East countries which are in the developing stage use a cross-flow type cooling tower as it gives the most efficiency in transferring the heat from the hot water.

Modular Cooling Towers

• Modular Cooling Towers are a type of cooling tower in which it has at least one cooling tower module with extendable legs capable of sustaining the assembly when the completely extended operation is provided.
• When more than one cooling tower module is utilized in an assembly, adjoining modules are joined at their frames.
• The output airflow chamber has a motorized fan, and airflow forces enter the reservoir or airflow chamber at the base of the panels and go in a vertical direction through the fill sheets, through the exit plenum chamber, and out the fan cowl.

Round Shape Cooling Towers

• The round shaped cooling tower is also commonly known as a bottle-type cooling tower. This cooling tower absorbs the heat from the industrial water and cools it to a temperature from 50 degrees to 4 degrees Celsius.
• During the performance, the fan, which is directly connected to the motor, uses an induced draught process to remove heat. The heat energy from the water traveling through the fill media is removed by drawing air from the bottom air in the intake region and forcing it to go through the fill media.
• The heat is removed from the remaining water as a portion of the water evaporates.

• Heat Removal: They effectively dissipate unwanted heat from processes or buildings, maintaining optimal operating temperatures.
• Water Conservation: By recycling wastewater for industrial operations, cooling towers help conserve water resources and reduce consumption.
• Energy Efficiency: Upgrading components like fans can lower energy consumption by 6% to 10%, enhancing overall system efficiency.
• Enhanced Productivity: By preventing overheating, they reduce machine failures, ensuring consistent operations and minimizing downtime.
• Environmental Compliance: Utilizing cooling towers demonstrates a commitment to environmental conservation, appealing to eco-conscious consumers.

How cooling tower works?

The cooling tower is a vast structure that helps to remove the heat coming from the industry by cooling it and then releasing it into the atmosphere. To accomplish these, they use materials such as PVC plastic sheets to generate enormous surfaces for water to evaporate.

Need for a cooling tower?

Refrigeration, air conditioning, and ventilation for industrial cooling towers are the most common uses. A cooling tower allows systems to operate in a cost-effective and energy-efficient manner. More than thousands of industrial plants require a lot of water to keep their operations cool. This is the reason why a cooling tower is required.

What is the principal mechanism that cooling tower indulges?

Many cooling towers work by condensing a tiny amount of water recycled through the device to remove heat from the water. When heated water and cold air are mixed, the latent heat of vaporization is released that allows the liquid to cool.

Which cooling tower can be described as a counter flow cooling tower?

In a counterflow cooling tower, the water flow is opposite to the airflow direction. The hot water distribution basin feeds water into the fill from the top of the reactor.

Describe the different types of cooling towers?

There are mainly three types of cooling towers which include crossflow, counterflow, and hyperbolic. There are two types of cooling towers based on airflow: induced draught and static draught cooling towers.

Which cooling tower is the most effective?

Axial fans are more effective, while centrifugal fans remain smoother and can handle higher resistance air pressure. It gives around 80% efficiency compared to other types of the cooling tower.

Which parameters affect the cooling tower?

Wet-bulb air temperature, the mass flow rate of water, the height of the tower, air velocity through the building, and various other factors affect the cooling tower effectiveness.

Cooling towers are used in which industries?

Cooling towers are primarily used to remove heat from power stations, petrochemical industries, oil refineries, natural gas processing plants, food processing plants, and other industrial facilities.

How can a natural draft cooling tower be defined?

The natural draft cooling tower is a direct-contact cooling tower. It uses a heat exchanger to allow warm water from the plant to be cooled by having direct contact with clean air. Hot, drier air rises to the top of the tower while cold water collects at its base.

What is the pH of cooling tower water?

Cooling tower water has a pH of 7.0, which is neutral. Every rise in pH doubles the alkalinity of the water. Acidic compounds are those with pH values below 7.0. Acids with a lower pH have a more substantial effect.

What are the types of cooling systems?

Cooling systems are classified as air cooling systems and water cooling systems. The heat transmitted to the tower’s exterior parts is dissipated and carried away by a stream of air drawn from the atmosphere in this cooling system.

What is cooling tower efficiency?

In actual life, the cooling tower efficiency is around 70% to 75%.